Islam Agenda
Halal CheckerRamadan 2027Dictionary
🥫 Halal E-Code CheckerOnline Qibla FinderPrayer TrackerDhikr CounterInheritance Calculator
Islam AgendaYour guide to Islamic knowledge

Free Islamic tools to help you in your daily spiritual practice. Qibla finder, prayer tracker, dhikr counter, Islamic calendar, fasting tracker, and inheritance calculator — all in one place.

Built withfor the Muslim community

Islamic Tools

  • All Islamic Tools
  • Online Qibla Finder
  • Missed Prayer & Quran Tracker
  • Online Dhikr Counter
  • 🥫 Halal E-Code Checker
  • Islamic Calendar 2027
  • When is Ramadan 2027?
  • When is Eid al-Adha 2027?
  • Missed Fasting Tracker
  • Islamic Inheritance Calculator
  • Arabic-English Dictionary

About

  • islamgundemi.com (TR)
  • About Us
  • Contact
  • Privacy Policy

Disclaimer: The content on this site is for informational purposes only. For definitive religious rulings, please consult qualified Islamic scholars.

LANGUAGE
TR|EN|AR
© 2026 Islam Agenda. All rights reserved.
Home/Arabic–English Dictionary

Arabic–English Islamic Dictionary

41 terms · Quranic vocabulary, fiqh, aqida, tafsir and Islamic concepts explained in English

Each entry includes the original Arabic script, transliteration, root analysis, theological definition, and Quranic or hadith references — designed to serve both English-speaking learners and scholars.

AllFiqhAqidahTafsirHadithSufismQuranEthicsWorship

الْمَغْرِب

Maghrib (Sunset Prayer)

maghrib

Worship

Maghrib is the fourth obligatory daily prayer, performed immediately after sunset. It consists of three rak'ahs. Fasting Muslims break their fast (iftar) at this time, making Maghrib uniquely tied to the Ramadan experience. The Prophet urged praying Maghrib promptly at its time, describing postponing it as disliked. The brevity of Maghrib's window makes its observance a test of devotion.

الْجَامِع

Jami (Mosque)

jāmiʿ

Worship

The Jami (congregational mosque) is the central place of worship for Muslims, where the five daily prayers and the Friday Jumu'ah prayer are performed. Derived from the root meaning "to gather", it represents the communal heart of Islamic life. Historically mosques served not only as houses of worship but as centres of education, community governance, and justice.

الْجَمَاعَة

Jama'ah

jamāʿah

Worship · Aqidah

Jama'ah means congregation and community. Prayer in congregation carries a reward 27 times greater than praying alone according to the Prophet. In theology, "Ahl al-Sunna wal-Jama'ah" designates the mainstream Sunni community that follows the Prophetic Sunnah and scholarly consensus, representing the largest branch of Islam.

About This Dictionary

The Islam Agenda Arabic–English Dictionary is a curated reference for English-speaking Muslims, students of Islamic studies, and anyone seeking to understand the theological vocabulary of the Quran and classical Islamic scholarship. Each entry includes the original Arabic script with diacritics, romanized transliteration, root letters (which unlock the word's family of meanings), grammatical category, and a scholarly definition.

Where applicable, entries note how many times the word — or its root — appears in the Quran, providing an immediate sense of the term's centrality in Islamic thought. Contextual sections include Quranic verse references translated according to Sahih International and hadith citations from Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim.

The dictionary is organised into eight disciplines — Fiqh, Aqidah, Tafsir, Hadith, Sufism, Seerah, Worship, and Ethics — reflecting the major branches of Islamic knowledge. Use the filters above to browse by category, or search for a specific term to access its full entry.

What Each Entry Contains

Arabic Script & Root

The word in its original Arabic with vowel marks (tashkeel), its three-letter root, and transliteration into Latin script.

Scholarly Definition

A concise 50–60 word definition optimised for clarity, followed by a detailed explanation drawing on classical and contemporary scholarship.

Quranic & Hadith Context

Key verses from the Quran and prophetic traditions that illustrate how the term is used in its primary sources.

Frequently Asked Questions

What sources does this dictionary use?

Definitions are drawn from the Quran (Sahih International translation), Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, and established works of Islamic jurisprudence and theology. Classical Arabic lexicons such as Lisān al-ʿArab inform root analyses.

الْجُمُعَة

Quran ×2

Jumu'a (Friday Prayer)

jumu'a

Worship · Quran

Jumu'a is the Friday congregational prayer — obligatory for adult Muslim men. It replaces Dhuhr and consists of two sermons (khutbahs) followed by two rak'ahs. The Quran commands: 'O believers! When you are called to the Friday prayer, hasten to the remembrance of Allah' (62:9). Friday contains a blessed hour when supplications are answered. It is the weekly communal gathering of the Muslim Ummah.

دُعَاء

Quran ×211

Dua (Supplication)

duʿāʾ

Worship · Quran

Dua is the act of supplication — calling upon Allah with humility, seeking His help, mercy, and blessings. Mentioned 211 times in the Quran and described as "the essence of worship", dua can be made at any time. Allah promises to respond to sincere supplications: "Call upon Me; I will respond to you." (Quran 40:60)

أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّه

Astaghfirullah (I Seek Forgiveness from Allah)

astaghfirullah

Worship · Ethics

'Astaghfirullah' — 'I seek forgiveness from Allah' — is the most common form of istighfar (seeking forgiveness). The Prophet, despite his sinless status, sought forgiveness 70–100 times daily, modeling constant self-improvement. The Quran repeatedly calls believers to seek forgiveness: 'Ask forgiveness of your Lord — He is ever a Perpetual Forgiver' (71:10). Istighfar opens closed doors, increases provision, and relieves distress.

الْفَاتِحَة

Al-Fatiha

al-Fātiḥah

Quran · Worship

Al-Fatiha is the opening surah of the Quran — seven verses encapsulating its essence: praise of Allah, acknowledgment of His sovereignty, declaration of worship, and supplication for guidance. Recitation is obligatory in every unit of prayer, making it the most recited text in the world. The Prophet called it "the Mother of the Quran."

الْفَجْر

Quran ×5

Fajr (Dawn Prayer)

fajr

Worship · Quran

Fajr is the dawn — the time from the appearance of the true dawn until sunrise, during which the Fajr prayer is performed. The Quran specifically commands: 'Recite the Quran at dawn; indeed the dawn recitation is witnessed' (17:78). The Prophet placed special emphasis on the Fajr prayer, saying its two sunnah rak'ahs are better than the world and all it contains.

صَدَقَةُ الْفِطْر

Sadaqat al-Fitr (Zakat al-Fitr)

sadaqat al-fitr

Worship · Fiqh

Sadaqat al-Fitr (Zakat al-Fitr) is the obligatory charity given at the end of Ramadan before the Eid prayer. It must be paid on behalf of oneself and all dependents. The Prophet made it obligatory 'to purify the fasting person from indecent speech and conduct, and to provide food for the needy.' It ensures that the poor can also participate in Eid celebrations. The amount equals one sa' (approximately 2–3 kg) of a staple food.

الْحَمْد

Quran ×38

Hamd

ḥamd

Quran · Worship · Ethics

Hamd is praise and gratitude directed exclusively to Allah, encompassing both thankfulness for blessings and glorification of His inherent attributes. It is broader than shukr: shukr responds to a specific favour, while hamd praises Allah in all circumstances. The Quran opens with "Al-hamdu lillah" — establishing hamd as the believer's first and constant expression.

لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّه

Hawqala (La hawla wala quwwata illa billah)

la hawla wala quwwata illa billah

Worship · Ethics

'La hawla wala quwwata illa billah' — 'There is no might nor power except with Allah' — is known as the hawqala. The Prophet said it is 'a treasure from the treasures of Paradise.' It is recommended in times of difficulty, powerlessness, and distress. It is a profound declaration of complete dependence on Allah — acknowledging that all capability, strength, and agency ultimately belong to Him alone.

الْخُشُوع

Quran ×17

Khushoo' (Humility/Focus in Prayer)

khushoo

Worship · Quran

Khushoo' is the state of focused reverence, inner submission, and heart-presence during prayer and worship. The Quran opens its list of successful believers with: 'Those who are humble in their prayers' (23:1-2). It is the soul of salah — without khushoo', prayer becomes an empty ritual. The Prophet described losing khushoo' as the first element to depart from this Ummah. Achieving it requires presence of mind, humility of heart, and awareness of standing before Allah.

إِخْلَاص

Quran ×31

Ikhlas (Sincerity)

ikhlāṣ

Aqidah · Worship · Sufism

Ikhlas means sincerity and purity of intention — performing acts of worship solely for Allah's pleasure, free from ostentation and desire for recognition. Derived from the root meaning "to purify," ikhlas is a prerequisite for the acceptance of any deed. Surah Al-Ikhlas (112) is named after this virtue and encapsulates pure monotheism.

الْإِحْيَاء

Ihya

iḥyāʾ

Sufism · Worship

Ihya means revival and revivification — the renewal of religious life and spiritual vitality. It is most associated with Imam al-Ghazali's masterwork "Ihya Ulum al-Din" (Revival of the Religious Sciences), which restored the inner dimensions of worship after formalism had set in. Ihya represents living Islam from the inside out, with heart and soul.

الْعَصْر

Quran ×1

Asr (Afternoon Prayer)

asr

Worship · Quran

Asr is the third obligatory daily prayer, performed in the late afternoon before sunset. Quran chapter 103 is named Al-Asr. The Prophet said: 'Whoever misses the Asr prayer, it is as if he has lost his family and property.' The Quran refers to it as 'al-salat al-wusta' (the middle prayer), indicating its particular importance among the five daily prayers.

الْإِسْرَاف

Quran ×23

Israf

isrāf

Ethics · Worship

Israf means extravagance — exceeding proper limits in consumption, spending, or any aspect of life. Appearing 23 times in the Quran, it is the opposite of wasatiyyah (moderation). The Quran states "Indeed the wasteful are brothers of the devils" (17:27) and repeatedly commands believers not to be excessive in eating, drinking, or spending.

الِاعْتِكَاف

Quran ×2

I'tikaf

iʿtikāf

Worship

I'tikaf is a voluntary act of worship in which a Muslim secludes themselves in a mosque, withdrawing from worldly activities to focus entirely on prayer, Quran recitation, and dhikr. It is a confirmed Sunnah of the Prophet, especially during the last ten nights of Ramadan in pursuit of Laylat al-Qadr.

لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْر

Quran ×3

Laylat al-Qadr (Night of Power)

laylat al-qadr

Worship · Quran

Laylat al-Qadr is the Night of Power — hidden within the last ten odd nights of Ramadan and described as better than a thousand months of worship (Quran 97:3). The Quran was first revealed on this night. Angels and the Spirit descend with Allah's permission for every decreed matter. The Prophet instructed Muslims to seek it in the last ten odd nights, particularly the 27th.

لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ

Quran ×37

La ilaha illallah

lā ilāha illallāh

Aqidah · Worship

"La ilaha illallah" — "There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah" — is the first part of the Islamic declaration of faith (Shahada). It is the most important phrase in Islam, representing the absolute monotheism at the core of the faith. The Prophet described it as the best form of remembrance and the key to Paradise.

قِبْلَة

Quran ×4

Qibla

qiblah

Worship

Qibla is the direction Muslims face when performing prayer — toward the Kaaba in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Facing the qibla is an obligatory condition for the validity of prayer. The qibla was changed from Jerusalem to Mecca approximately 16-17 months after the Prophet's migration to Medina, as revealed in Quran 2:144.

عِيدُ الْأَضْحَى

Eid al-Adha (Festival of Sacrifice)

eid al-adha

Worship · Fiqh

Eid al-Adha is the Festival of Sacrifice, commemorating Prophet Ibrahim's willingness to sacrifice his son in obedience to Allah. Celebrated on the 10th–13th of Dhul-Hijja, coinciding with the Hajj, it features the Eid prayer and the slaughter of an animal (udhiyya/qurbani). The meat is distributed among family, neighbors, and the poor. It embodies ultimate submission (Islam) to Allah's command.

مَسْجِد

Quran ×22

Masjid (Mosque)

masjid

Worship · Quran

A masjid (mosque) is a place of worship for Muslims — literally "a place of prostration." The first mosque in Islam was the Quba Mosque built by the Prophet in Medina. The three holiest mosques are Masjid al-Haram (Mecca), Masjid al-Nabawi (Medina), and Al-Aqsa (Jerusalem). The mosque serves as the center of Muslim community life.

مُحَرَّم

Muharram

muharram

Worship · Seerah

Muharram is the first month of the Islamic lunar calendar and one of the four sacred months in which fighting is prohibited. Its tenth day, Ashura, is commemorated with fasting — the Prophet learned that Moses fasted this day to thank Allah for deliverance from Pharaoh. The Prophet described fasting in Muharram as the best voluntary fast after Ramadan.

صَلَاة

Quran ×99

Salah (Prayer)

ṣalāh

Worship · Quran

Salah (prayer) is the second pillar of Islam — the ritual prayer performed five times daily at fixed times. It consists of specific bodily postures, recitations from the Quran, and glorifications of Allah. Mentioned 99 times in the Quran, salah is described as the direct connection between the believer and Allah.

الظُّهْر

Dhuhr (Noon Prayer)

dhuhr

Worship

Dhuhr is the second of the five daily prayers, performed after the sun passes its zenith until the beginning of Asr time. It consists of four obligatory rak'ahs. The Prophet recommended delaying Dhuhr slightly in intense heat. The midday prayer marks a pause in daily work to re-establish connection with Allah at the height of the day.

صَوْم

Quran ×14

Sawm (Fasting)

ṣawm

Worship · Quran

Sawm (fasting) is the third pillar of Islam — abstaining from food, drink, and sexual relations from dawn to sunset during the month of Ramadan. It is a spiritual practice aimed at developing taqwa (God-consciousness), empathy for the poor, and self-discipline. The Quran explicitly commands fasting in Surah Al-Baqarah.

رَمَضَان

Quran ×1

Ramadan

ramaḍān

Worship · Quran

Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar — the holy month of fasting. The Quran was first revealed during this month. It contains Laylat al-Qadr (the Night of Decree), described as better than a thousand months. Muslims fast from dawn to sunset, increase in prayer and charity, and seek forgiveness throughout the month.

عِيدُ الْفِطْر

Eid al-Fitr (Festival of Breaking the Fast)

eid al-fitr

Worship · Fiqh

Eid al-Fitr is the Islamic celebration marking the end of Ramadan fasting. Celebrated on the first day of Shawwal, it is one of two official Islamic holidays. Its observances include the Eid prayer (salat al-eid), paying sadaqat al-fitr (zakat al-fitr) before the prayer, visiting family, and expressing gratitude. The Prophet described it as 'your day of gratitude and worship.'

رَبِيعُ الْأَوَّل

Rabi' al-Awwal (Month of the Prophet's Birth)

rabi' al-awwal

Seerah · Worship

Rabi' al-Awwal is the third month of the Islamic calendar. It is most famous as the month in which the Prophet Muhammad was born (12th Rabi' al-Awwal). Many Muslims commemorate the Mawlid (Prophet's birthday) during this month. The Prophet's arrival in Medina completing the Hijra also occurred in this month.

رَجَب

Rajab

rajab

Worship · Seerah

Rajab is the seventh month of the Islamic calendar and one of the four sacred months. The miraculous Night Journey and Ascension (Isra wal Mi'raj) of the Prophet occurred on the 27th night of Rajab. Muslims regard it as a blessed prelude to the spiritual intensification of Sha'ban and Ramadan. Voluntary fasting in Rajab is encouraged in hadith.

الرُّكُوع

Quran ×13

Ruku

rukūʿ

Worship

Ruku is the bowing position in Islamic prayer — bending at the waist with hands on the knees in a posture of reverence before Allah. One of the essential pillars of salat, the worshipper recites "Glory be to my Lord, the Most Great" while bowing. The Quran commands believers to bow and prostrate in worship (22:77).

شَعْبَان

Sha'ban

sha'ban

Worship

Sha'ban is the eighth month of the Islamic calendar, immediately preceding Ramadan. The Prophet fasted more in Sha'ban than any other voluntary month, calling it a month of preparation. The 15th night of Sha'ban (Laylat al-Bara'ah / Berat Kandili) is considered especially blessed — a night when deeds are presented to Allah and divine decrees for the coming year are registered.

الصَّدَقَة

Quran ×23

Sadaqah

ṣadaqah

Worship · Ethics

Sadaqah is voluntary charity given for the sake of Allah, beyond the obligatory zakat. It encompasses any act of kindness — giving money, food, a smile, removing harm from a path, or good counsel. The Prophet said "Every act of goodness is sadaqah." Mentioned 23 times in the Quran, it is among Islam's most emphasised virtues.

السَّجْدَة

Quran ×92

Sajdah

sajdah

Worship

Sajdah is the act of prostration in Islamic worship — placing the forehead, nose, palms, knees, and toes on the ground in complete submission to Allah. It is the most sacred moment of prayer. The Prophet said "The closest a servant can be to his Lord is when he is in sajdah." Its root appears 92 times in the Quran in various forms.

شَهَادَة

Quran ×40

Shahada (Declaration of Faith)

shahādah

Aqidah · Worship

The Shahada is the Islamic declaration of faith: "I bear witness that there is no deity except Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His messenger." It is the first pillar of Islam. Reciting the Shahada sincerely is the entry point into Islam and the foundation upon which all other acts of worship rest.

التَّضَرُّع

Quran ×7

Tadarru'

taḍarruʿ

Worship · Sufism

Tadarru' is the act of imploring Allah with total humility and a sense of helplessness — prostrating the heart before Him in sincere supplication. The Quran commands "Call upon your Lord in humility and privately" (7:55). It embodies complete dependence on Allah and is considered the spirit that gives du'a its power of acceptance.

التَّهَجُّد

Quran ×1

Tahajjud (Night Vigil Prayer)

tahajjud

Worship · Quran

Tahajjud is the voluntary night prayer performed after sleeping and waking in the last third of the night. The Quran commands the Prophet: 'Rise during the night and pray as an additional offering — perhaps your Lord will raise you to a praised station' (17:79). The Prophet described it as the most excellent voluntary prayer after the obligatory ones. Allah especially descends in the final third of the night to answer supplications.

التَّرَاوِيح

Tarawih

tarāwīḥ

Worship

Tarawih is the voluntary night prayer performed in congregation throughout Ramadan, after the Isha prayer. Typically consisting of 20 units, it often features a complete recitation of the Quran over the month. The Prophet prayed it and it was systematically organised as a congregational prayer by Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab.

التَّوَسُّل

Quran ×2

Tawassul

tawassul

Aqidah · Worship

Tawassul means seeking a means of approach to Allah in supplication — using an intermediary to draw closer to Him. The Quran commands "Fear Allah and seek the wasilah (means) of approach to Him" (5:35). Accepted forms include making du'a through one's own good deeds or through the Prophet's name. Scholars have differing views on its permissible scope.

الْوِرْد

Wird

wird

Sufism · Worship

Wird is a personal daily devotional routine — a structured schedule of Quranic recitations, prayers, and dhikr performed at set times, typically morning and evening. In Sufi tradition each order has its own prescribed wird. It is a means of spiritual discipline, maintaining constant connection with Allah and purifying the heart through regular remembrance.

الْعِشَاء

Quran ×1

Isha (Night Prayer)

isha

Worship

Isha is the fifth and final obligatory daily prayer, performed after twilight has fully disappeared. Its window extends until midnight (or dawn in some opinions). The Prophet said the Isha and Fajr prayers are the most difficult for hypocrites — those who consistently pray them in congregation gain enormous reward. Isha closes the day's worship and maintains the believer's constant orientation toward Allah.

What does "Quran ×N" mean on word cards?

The number indicates how many times the root of that word appears in the Quran. A higher frequency generally signals the term's centrality in Islamic theology — for example, the root of "iman" (faith) appears 537 times.

What is the difference between Fiqh and Aqidah terms?

Fiqh terms relate to Islamic jurisprudence — rules governing worship, transactions, and personal conduct (e.g. halal, wudu, zakat). Aqidah terms concern articles of faith — belief in Allah, angels, prophecy, resurrection, and divine decree (e.g. tawhid, qadar, ba'th).

Why are Arabic root letters important?

Arabic is a root-based language: most words share a three-consonant root from which dozens of related words are derived. Understanding the root reveals a word's core semantic field. For example, the root s-l-m (س-ل-م) gives Islam, Muslim, salaam, and taslim — all connected by the concept of peace and submission.

Browse by Category

Fiqh TermsAqidah TermsTafsir TermsHadith TermsSufism TermsQuran TermsEthics TermsWorship Terms